Natural killer cell (NK cells) yog "cov neeg tua neeg ua haujlwm" ntawm cov qog thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, kev tiv thaiv qog ua haujlwm ntawm NK hlwb hauv cov qog microenvironment yog qhov nyuaj heev. Feem ntau cov qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem dim ntawm kev tua ntawm NK hlwb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej txog cov txheej txheem thiab nrhiav cov tswv yim tshiab los kho cov haujlwm ntawm NK hlwb.
National Research Center for Micro scale Material Science ntawm University of Science thiab Technology ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab pab pawg tshawb fawb ntawm xibfwb Wei Haiming, xibfwb Zheng Xiaohu thiab xibfwb Tian Zhigang los ntawm Department of Life Science thiab Tshuaj, koom tes nrog pab pawg tshawb fawb ntawm Huang Guangming los ntawm Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Chemistry thiab Materials Science ntawm University of Science thiab Technology ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab tus thawj coj ntawm Qian Yeben los ntawm Thawj Tsev Kho Mob ntawm Anhui Medical University, pom tias NK hlwb hauv microenvironment ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav poob lawv lub ntsej muag lub ntsej muag protuberances. thiab tsis tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov qog hlwb, Poob ntawm kev tiv thaiv qog ua haujlwm. Lawv kuj tau tsim "ib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob cell membrane mass spectrometry nrhiav thev naus laus zis", qhia tias kev poob ntawm sphingomyelin, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm NK cell membrane, yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev poob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm NK hlwb.
Qhov kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav no tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal Nature Immunology thaum Lub Peb Hlis 23, 2023, nyob rau hauv lub npe "Tumors evade immune cytotoxicity los ntawm kev hloov pauv saum npoo ntawm NK hlwb". Txoj kev tshawb no nthuav tawm cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav, muab cov tswv yim tshiab thiab lub hom phiaj rau NK cell raws li qog immunotherapy.
Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, lub topology morphology ntawm NK cell membrane nyob rau hauv lub microenvironment ntawm ib txwm cov ntaub so ntswg thiab qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem pom meej meej los ntawm kev siv kev sib kis thiab kev siv tshuab electron microscope. Qhov saum npoo ntawm ib txwm NK cell membrane yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv protrusions, thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm NK cell membrane nyob rau hauv lub microenvironment ntawm qog nqaij hlav yog txawv txawv, thiab cov protrusions yog obviously ploj (Daim duab 1).
Daim duab 1: Qhov saum npoo ntawm NK hlwb ib txwm los ntawm cov ntshav peripheral thiab daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg pom muaj ntau daim nyias nyias bulges (sab laug thiab nruab nrab), thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm NK hlwb los ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav microenvironment yog txawv txav, thiab daim nyias nyias bulges poob (txoj cai).
Kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv tau pom tias ib txwm NK hlwb siv cov membrane protrusions kom paub txog thiab tuav cov qog hlwb, thiab txhawb kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tes los tsim "kev tiv thaiv kab mob", tiv thaiv qog nqaij hlav. Qhov kev tiv thaiv kab mob no yog cov qauv tshwj xeeb ntawm NK hlwb thiab qog hlwb. NK hlwb tso granzyme kom yaj thiab tua cov qog hlwb los ntawm kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov neeg mob qog nqaij hlav, cov txheej txheem ntawm NK hlwb hauv microenvironment ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ploj, uas ua rau lawv tsis tuaj yeem paub cov qog hlwb thiab tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, yog li poob peev xwm tua cov qog hlwb (Daim duab 2).
Daim duab 2: Ib txwm NK hlwb los ntawm peripheral cov ntshav thiab daim siab cov ntaub so ntswg siv cov txheej txheem membrane los tsim "immune synapses" nrog cov qog hlwb (sab laug thiab nruab nrab), thaum NK hlwb los ntawm microenvironment ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav tsis muaj cov txheej txheem membrane thiab tsis tsim lawv (txoj cai).
Pab neeg tshawb fawb kuj tau tsim "ib lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob cell membrane mass spectrometry detection technology", pom tias daim nyias nyias muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm NK hlwb nyob rau hauv cov qog microenvironment hloov, feem ntau vim hais tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm sphingomyelin tau txo qis, thiab paub tseeb tias qhov teeb meem ntawm serine metabolism hauv. cov qog microenvironment yog lub ntsiab ua rau poob ntawm sphingomyelin. Kev siv cov phiaj xwm sphingophospholipase inhibitors tuaj yeem nce cov ntsiab lus ntawm sphingomyelin hauv NK cell membrane ntawm cov qog microenvironment, rov tsim cov neurites, thiab txhim kho kev paub thiab tua cov qog hlwb. Targeted sphingomyelinase kev cuam tshuam ua ke nrog immunocheckpoint blockers muaj kev sib koom ua ke los tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav.
Txoj kev tshawb no txhais cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis txaus ntseeg thiab kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov qog los ntawm NK hlwb los ntawm qhov kev xav tshiab ntawm cell membrane topology, thiab tseem muab lub tswv yim tshiab rau kev txhim kho kev tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm NK hlwb.
